TO BE (Theory)

To be as an ordinary verb denotes existence of, or to give information about, a person or thing.

Example:  - Julia Roberts is an actress.

                - Fuji and Phi Phi are islands.

 

To be as an auxiliary is used in the formation of tenses

(Be is used in * continuous active forms and in all ** passive forms).

Example: - Freddie Prinze Jr is reportedly getting $2 million for Summer Catch. *

               - Freddie was named one of People's "50 Most Beautiful People's.

                - Freddie Prinze Jr was appearing in 10 films such as I Know What You Did Last Summer.

 

FORMS OF TO BE (Present Tense)

Affirmative  Negative  Interrogative
I am          (I'm)      I am (I'm) not      am I?
You are     (you're)    you are not (aren't)        are you?
He is         (he's)    he is not      (isn't)   is he?
She is       (she's)        she is not     (isn't)   is she?
It is           (it's)  it is not        (isn't)   is it?
We are      (we're)   we are not   (aren't)       are we?
You are     (you're)  you are not  (aren't) are you?
They are    (they're)   they are not  (aren't)        are they?

Alternative negative contractions are :  you're not, he's not etc.                                        

The affirmative interrogative are : you're not, he's not etc.is not contracted. The negative interrogative contractions are : aren’t you?, isn’t he?, etc.

                   

FORMS OF TO BE (Past Tense)

Affirmative  Negative  Interrogative
I was I was not        (wasn't)   was I?
You were you were not  (weren't)  were you?
He was    he was not      (wasn't) was he?
She was     she was not     (wasn't)  was she?
It was   it was not         (wasn't)        was it?
We were                                                we were not     (weren't) were we?
You were you were not    (weren't)    were you?
They were  they were not   (weren't)  were they?

Past participle : been form is wasn’t I, weren’t you?, etc.

  * Source Reference : 1 Movieline, May 2000, p.49.

Sylvie Drouin, CS des Bois Franc, QC